It was hard to believe it was summer. My supervisor wore a down jacket and we donned layers of long underwear along with gloves and hats. We had two thermoses for hot chocolate and hot cider. Last time I was out we were handing out water bottles in coolers of ice. Crazy!
Our supervisor, Esther, began praying fervently for the women. My supervisors sometimes take my breath away when I hear them pray. It opens my heart to the mysterious love of the Father as we go into the dark streets where it so often seems that God is absent. Esther opened the heavens and asked for our girls not to be controlled by the groupthink of the crowd. As an individual, apart from the group, the girls allow their raw, tender hearts to open; in the flow of the group, they become cynical, crude, and hard.
They wouldn’t say the things they say if they were on the street alone. They wouldn’t act or dress the way they do except as a role in the group. So we spent our time praying against the power of the group and how it changes individual behavior.
The more Esther prayed for specific people we see on Fridays, the more I remembered my days of teaching sociology. What she was describing is what Sociologists refer to as “groupthink”.
Esther’s prayed against the powers of the group: The hundreds of cars of johns drive through the intersection in a four-hour block of time. I cannot imagine the johns driving around and around the same blocks if it was the middle of the day with people they know witnessing what they were doing. (Soliciting illegal sex from underage girls).
The pimps have their corners and their behaviors that keep the drama under control. Would they be standing there if their parents or children or clergy were driving around the corner? Perhaps, yet the presence of our group on the street changes the equation and makes it harder for the violence to escalate or the cruelty to be anonymous. It is as simple as this: we offer our faces as a witness to their sorrow and a promise for transformation. Our faces make the behavior of groupthink more difficult.
Groupthink is seen in that when they do talk they boast about how much they love what they do and how good they are at it. The women who desire to leave the streets stand out like a sore thumb! Our Donna stands longer and longer next to us and never closes her phone and never talks to the other girls. She is less like the crowd around her.
It had been 10 days since Debra had her last ovary removed and we hoped she would not be out tonight. She was one of the first women we talked to. Her hair was curled and hung softly around her face and she walked elegantly in her heels and smiled, as always, when she came to greet us. She said that she was feeling fine but her doctor was on vacation so she hadn’t been able to start hormone replacement therapy. One of my co-workers was with her at the hospital before and during her surgery. Debra was there alone. Not even her mother or pimp came to be with her. I was thankful for Kristen’s tender and compassionate love that has allowed her to be at the hospital three times with Debra this year.
Debra explained to me why she loved her favorite condom. At first, I thought: “Why am I listening to the pros and cons of different condoms at 1am? Is this offering the face of Jesus? How am I to use this conversation for the sake of God?” It ran through my mind that I could say, “Jesus is the best condom” but that sounded too weird even for early morning conversation with her. Later I heard Jennifer say that she charges $175 and hour or $1000 for 8 hours. It was the first time I heard any mention of payment. I have always wanted to ask but it is our policy to not ask any intrusive questions.
Donna returned and asked for band-aids for her sore feet. Her new heels were killing her. She used about 8 of the small round band-aids and sat on the cooler most of the night! Once a pimp walked by her and said, “How long are you going to sit there and hold up the wall?” I am not sure if it was her pimp but it did make me realize that these girls are constantly under surveilance.
A young woman came up for supplies and Esther offered her a bad date list. We had never seen this woman before and she introduced herself to us and thanked us for the hot chocolate. She talked a bit more and then asked Esther if we had assistance we could offer her with moving. She told us about her two small children and their needs and Esther gave her phone numbers she could call.
Tammy, one of our regular girls was out in a bikini tonight. She never once said that she was cold but countless other girls came for hot chocolate and hot cider saying that they were freezing. She smiled and walked elegantly in her heels and I recalled Esther’s prayers about the group and how Tammy would not be dressed like this without the approval of the group.
Debra returned for more condoms and mentioned how in the 1970’s only pimps could talk to the Johns. The norms of a group change and women on the street have more power than in the past due to cell phones and Craig’s List. To say the women have more power is only to say they are freer to roam in their prison cell. It is tragic to see the women strike deals and feel more control over their lives, yet be as stuck in the web of the pimp as much today as 40 years ago.
Our girls often refer to their “wifey”. This is a term used for their friend who shares the same pimp. This used to be called “stable sisters” in the 1970’s and when Debra told me this I almost laughed because I immediately thought of the “Lennon Sisters” on the Lawrence Welk show and the two images were ridiculous to think about side by side! I really must be tired to wed the Lennon sisters to street life.
Towards the end of the evening, a large pimp walked up to Esther and said, “Please pray for me. My name is St. Nick and I have been shot six times on this street and my heart is changing. I am gonna’ change my life, but I have to get out of debt first. But pray for me, my real name is Dominic, that’s why I am called St. Nick after being shot six times. Pray for me, because my heart is changing.”
Sometimes when you hear and see things at 2 or 3 in the morning it all seems normal. Then as the week goes on I wonder– did I really hear that? Did I really see that? I have prayed for this man often this week and hope that his heart fears God and longs for the safety of God’s arms.
Grace came with smiles and big hugs for each one of our team. It really is wonderful to get hugs from these women. I wonder if our hugs mean as much to them as theirs do to me! She had given up cigarettes (for four days) but the evening found her desperate and she asked us to pray for her to break this habit. I wonder if she knows we pray for so much more than that for her.
Donna continued to “hold up the wall” most of the evening. She told us she has a second interview on Wednesday for a job. She says that she’s good at typing and data entry and hopefully, we won’t ever see her back on the streets! We praised her and told her how proud we were of her for applying for this job. The evening wore on and one of my co-workers said that she called her mother to come pick her up at McDonalds. Oh, I hope and pray that she will never have to return to these streets.
We talked with 26 women under 22 years of age and 6 women over 22 years. We observed 18 other girls and 13 of them were under 22 years. Three new girls appeared to be under 15 years of age!
As I fell asleep with two microwavable foot warmers I thought about St. Nick the pimp and the patron saint of gift giving. My brain felt quirky all night; strange thoughts bumped into other odd thoughts like a demolition derby. I finally remembered where I had been—on the streets with teenage prostituted women, while I was dressed in winter clothes, passing out hot drinks, listening to which condom is preferred, and offering my face as a reminder that God sees them with kind eyes. Is that true? If it is, then my thoughts are no less odd than God who loves them every bit as much as me, if not more. Somehow that seemed like a good pillow to lay my head on and I slept a deep sleep like a little girl waiting for St. Nick.
Wikipedia definition of groupthink:
“Groupthink is a type of thought exhibited by group members who try to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critically testing, analyzing, and evaluating ideas. Individual creativity, uniqueness, and independent thinking are lost in the pursuit of group cohesiveness, as are the advantages of reasonable balance in choice and thought that might normally be obtained by making decisions as a group.[1] During groupthink, members of the group avoid promoting viewpoints outside the comfort zone of consensus thinking. A variety of motives for this may exist such as a desire to avoid being seen as foolish, or a desire to avoid embarrassing or angering other members of the group. Groupthink may cause groups to make hasty, irrational decisions, where individual doubts are set aside, for fear of upsetting the group’s balance. The term is frequently used pejoratively, with hindsight.”
“Irving Janis, who did extensive work on the subject, defined it as:
A mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members’ strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action.[3]”
Symptoms of groupthink
To make groupthink testable, Irving Janis devised eight symptoms indicative of groupthink (1977).
1. Illusions of invulnerability creating excessive optimism and encouraging risk taking.
2. Rationalising warnings that might challenge the group’s assumptions.
3. Unquestioned belief in the morality of the group, causing members to ignore the consequences of their actions.
4. Stereotyping those who are opposed to the group as weak, evil, biased, spiteful, disfigured, impotent, or stupid.
5. Direct pressure to conform placed on any member who questions the group, couched in terms of “disloyalty”.
6. Self censorship of ideas that deviate from the apparent group consensus.
7. Illusions of unanimity among group members, silence is viewed as agreement.
8. Mindguards — self-appointed members who shield the group from dissenting information.
Groupthink, resulting from the symptoms listed above, results in defective decision making. That is, consensus-driven decisions are the result of the following practices of groupthinking[5]
Defective decision making is a part of the johns, pimps and prostituted women. Their groups are cohesive. The rules are clear. The risks are not thought about. The addictions become more addictive and the groupthink allows the system to keep working.